More recently, additional attempts at neutralizing endotoxin to increase survival in severe sepsis utilizing (a) bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, (b) a lipid emulsion of recombinant HDL that binds endotoxin, (c) a small molecule TLR4 inhibitor (TAK242), and (d) E5564, a lipid A analogue and competitive inhibitor of TLR4, also all failed to show reduction in mortality in severe sepsis patients[14-16]. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is Sepsis.