Circulating inflammatory biomarkers such as CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin have been associated with a variety of metabolic disorders and associated outcomes (Goldberg 2009). This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and metabolic disease.