High glucose induced significant increase (410% of control; P < 0.001; n = 3) in FOXO3a transcriptional activity against Fas ligand when NRVMs were transfected with TM-FOXO3a compared with empty vector control (data not shown), which confirmed that FOXO3a played roles in hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis in NRVMs. This evidence concerns the gene FOXO3 and Hyperglycemia.