A 5-HT1A partial agonist, buspirone, has been used to treat apneusis caused by surgical resection of a pontine astrocytoma in human (Wilken et al., 1997) and abnormal breathing in Rett syndrome (Andaku et al., 2005; Gokben et al., 2012). The gene discussed is HTR1A; the disease is Rett syndrome.