EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: With the IDEAL1 study proving the efficacy of gefitinib for advanced NSCLC patients as a second-line treatment in 2003 (Fukuoka et al. 2003), and the BR.21 study indicating the efficacy of erlotinib for advanced NSCLC patients with chemotherapy failure in 2005 (Tsao et al. 2005), the development of EGFR TKIs was a milestone in NSCLC treatment.