SLC17A9 and lung carcinoma: Furthermore, very recent studies have shown that secretion of ATP from PC12 cells, purinergic neuronal cells, T cells, biliary epithelial cells, airway epithelial cells, macrophages, pancreatic β cells, and lung cancer cell line were impaired in VNUT knock down, indicating that VNUT is of primary importance for vesicular storage and release of nucleotides (Sawada et al. 2008; Tokunaga et al. 2010; Sathe et al. 2011; Larsson et al. 2012; Takai et al. 2012; Geisler et al. 2013; Sakaki et al. 2013; Sesma et al. 2013).