MTOR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In studies by Kim et al. [41] which addressed the potential utility of inhibiting both apoptosis and mTOR signaling to improve the efficacy of radiation therapy, the H460 NSCLC cell line was shown to be more sensitive to radiation treatment in the presence of a caspase (apoptosis) inhibitor, Z-DEVD; sensitivity was further increased when radiation was used in combination with RAD001, which promotes autophagy through the inhibition of mTOR.