IGHE and atopic eczema: Whereas some studies have found that TCDD exacerbates atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice (Ito et al. 2008), increases IgE production in B cells from patients with atopic diseases (Kimata 2003), and disrupts mucosal immunity in the gut and sensitizes C57BL/6J mice to oral allergens (Kinoshita et al. 2006), other studies have reported that exposure to TCDD suppressed allergic immune response to ovalbumin, dust, and peanuts in laboratory animals (Luebke et al. 2001; Schulz et al. 2011; Tarkowski et al. 2010) and failed to induce atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice (Fujimaki et al. 2002).