Vaccination with Ad-BD2-E1A (E1B-deleted oncolytic adenovirus expressing beta-defensin-2) vaccine inhibited primary breast tumor growth and blocked metastasis in a TLR4 dependent manner, thus suggesting the critical role of TLR4 in the induction of anti-tumor immunity by Ad-BD2-E1A (29). Here, TLR4 is linked to breast neoplasm.