Increasing evidence regarding HRV-induced wheezing or exacerbation of asthma raises the possibility that HRV infections could contribute to the initiation and subsequent progression of airway remodeling, which involves multiple factors such as increased epithelial release of Mucin5AC (MU5AC), activin A, amphiregulin, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The gene discussed is MMP9; the disease is asthma.