Indeed, GBM growth and recurrence relies on CSCs that are responsible for tumor vessel formation and bidirectionally interact with tumor ECs via secreted factors, including CXCL12, to preserve stemness and promote self-renewal (Stupp et al., 2005; Calabrese et al., 2007; Gatti et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL12 and neoplasm.