CXCL12 and central nervous system cancer: In these perinecrotic areas (“pseudopalisading” necrosis), characterized by high cellularity (Rempel et al., 2000; Bajetto et al., 2006; Rong et al., 2006) due to the powerful invasion of glioma cells (Sciume et al., 2010), CXCR4 and CXCL12 co-localize in the same tumor cells (Bajetto et al., 2006).