Interestingly, we also found that Nupr1 depletion induces OIS in several human pancreatic cancer cells lines including the BxPC-3 (Figure 2e), which express a wild-type version of Kras protein.25 These data suggest that the OIS due to Nupr1 silencing is not exclusive of oncogenic Kras mutation, but rather a more intrinsic cellular mechanism against cell transformation. Here, NUPR1 is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.