After adjusting for characteristics associated with either anti-PAD3/4XR or any ILD, anti-PAD3/4XR remained significantly associated with any-ILD compared with those with no anti-PAD or those with anti-PAD4 that did not cross-react with PAD3 (adjusted OR = 7.22 for the comparison of anti-PAD3/4XR vs. no anti-PAD; p = 0.001). The gene discussed is PADI4; the disease is interstitial lung disease.