TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: However, based on its inhibition to TNFα, IL-6, and other proinflammatory cytokines, its blocking on NF-κB and TLR4 signaling pathways, its potential role in OSAS, as well as its association with inflammatory states such as Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and PCOS, we believe that it favors anti-inflammation and may have therapeutic potential in obesity and its comorbidities including lung injury.