CD4 and AIDS: The SAPiT trial in South Africa and ACTG 5221 STRIDE trial in Africa and North America both demonstrated that early initiation of HAART (within 2–4 weeks after TB treatment) can reduce AIDS events and deaths in persons with CD4+ lymphocyte counts ≤ 50 cells/mm3, though no significant benefits were observed in patients with higher CD4+ lymphocyte counts [12,13].