In a clinical trial assessing the importance of serum mannose-binding lectin with respect to the development of CIN, the deficiency of this lectin did not influence the occurrence of CIN as defined by a serum creatinine increment; it was, however, associated with an (limited) increase in cystatin C after the administration of contrast agent [68]. This evidence concerns the gene CST3 and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.