However, the DNMT3A R882 amino acid residue, which is a mutation hotspot in AML, was only mutated once in our series of MPNs (in a MF patient) and the other 2 mutations were not found, suggesting that these genes may be not involved in the pathogenesis of MPN, and of course this hypothesis should be further validated in the future researches, while hotspot mutations in the DNMT3A, FLT3, and NPM1 genes are not common in MPN patients maybe due to that these selected genes harbor activating mutations in other regions which were not examined. Here, NPM1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.