In conclusion, the results from the present study indicate that ROS promoted the effects of insulin-induced glycolysis and PKM2 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, that insulin upregulates PKM2 expression in ROS dependent manner through miR-145 and miR-128 suppression, and that PKM2 is important for insulin-induced aerobic glycolysis and cell proliferation. The gene discussed is PKM; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.