Purified CD14+ cells or ALDCs (FSChigh DEC205+ MHCII+, CD11c+) were infected with either MVA-GFP (multiplicity of infection = 1) or AdV5-GFP (multiplicity of infection = 100) and after an overnight culture, the expression of CD40 and MHC class II was reduced in those cells infected with MVA-GFP (Fig. 9A, 9B and data not shown). Here, ITGAX is linked to infection.