LYPD3, encoding for the Ly6/PLAUR domain-containing membrane protein 3, has been shown to be down-regulated upon transition to dysplasia and carcinoma in situ, and being up-regulated again at the invasive front and in local lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas [78,79]. The gene discussed is LYPD3; the disease is in situ carcinoma.