We did not identify the source of excessive diaphragm ROS generation in response to hyperglycemia in the present study, but these previous studies as well as studies examining ROS production in skeletal muscle, suggest a number of potential sites including the mitochondrial electron transport chain, NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidase and uncoupled nitric oxide synthase [47,48]. Here, FMO5 is linked to Hyperglycemia.