INS and Hypoglycemia: While previous work in this area has demonstrated an association of coefficient of variation and mortality, this study adds value to the literature in three ways: (1) we employed an explicit electronic protocol to significantly reduce inter-clinician variability in the method of insulin titration; (2) we demonstrated that coefficient of variation is associated with mortality even in diabetic patients, and (3) we accounted for hypoglycemia when analyzing coefficient of variation.