These studies, together with the results of the present study, indicating LR+ values 7.4 and 8.3 for IL-6 and HGF, respectively, for predicting severe AP, thus give credence to the view etc., thus giving credence to the view that single cytokines such as IL-6 and HGF may not be perfect predictors of severe AP. Here, HGF is linked to alkaline phosphatase measurement.