ELANE and pulmonary emphysema: Kuraki et al. [10] demonstrated that prior treatment with an oral neutrophil elastase inhibitor (ONO-6818) could inhibit lung hemorrhage and the accumulation of neutrophils in the lung of rats at the acute phase of lung injury induced by human neutrophil elastase; in long term studies, the administration of the same inhibitor at 8 weeks after HNE (Human Neutrophil Elastase) prevented HNE-induced emphysema.