CCL2 and infection: Indeed, MCP-1 is secreted by several cells types, especially monocytes, and is responsible for the direct migration of the cells toward the endothelium at the sites of inflammation and lesion formation [30].In order to verify MCP-1 induction, macrophages and U937 cells were infected with M.F. Culture supernatants were collected at day 1, 2 and 3 following the infection and the chemokines production was measured.