IL33 and diabetes mellitus: In this regard, studies have shown that IL-33 exerts protective metabolic effects[16,18] through several mechanisms: (1) IL-33 decreases the expression of resistin (a mediator that is responsible for the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus[18]), (2) leads to the accumulation of protective Th2 cells and their cytokines, and (3) leads to the polarization of resident macrophages towards a protective alternatively activated phenotype (CD206+ M2)[16,18].