The presence of glycolate oxidase 1 in liver and kidney peroxisomes and its ability to oxidize glyoxylate to oxalate, a key metabolite in the kidney stone formation, is of particular importance for individuals with primary hyperoxaluria type I, as a consequence of their inability to convert glyoxylate to glycine in the peroxisome [38-40]. Here, HAO1 is linked to nephrolithiasis.