T1D patients presented several genes that were induced when compared to GDM patients, including genes in the MHC region (HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQA2), TNF receptors (TNFRSF17, TNFAIP6), cytokines (IL1A, IL-1B, IL1F10, IL4, IL6, IL8, IL23A, IL27) and cytokine receptors (IL1R2, IL1R1N, IL18R1), chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, CCL20, CCL23, CCL3L3, CCL4) and chemokine receptors (CCR3, CRL2), lymphocyte receptors (KIR3DL2, KIR2DS4), and transcription factors (GLIS2, SOX8, GATA2, RUNX1, SOD2, FOXC1, FOXC2, FOXE1). This evidence concerns the gene CCL4 and gestational diabetes.