As shown in Figure 1A, when compared with non-tumour tissues, membrane-bound GAP activity decreased significantly in CCRCC (two-fold) (Mann–Whitney test, P < 0.001), and drastically in ChRCC (16-fold, P < 0.01) and RO (34-fold, P < 0.001). The gene discussed is CALR; the disease is nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.