After adjusting for age, gender, history of DM and AF, disease duration, creatinine levels, LV diameter and LVEF value, using either forward or backward selection, LA diameter, fasting blood glucose, hs-CRP > 3.90 mg/L and NT pro-BNP > 2247 pmol/L were the variables that remained in the model as the independent predictors of all-cause mortality. Here, NPPB is linked to atrial fibrillation.