The success of rescue therapy for chemical-induced ALI using synthetic surfactant with advanced and robust SP-B and SP-C mimics represents a significant breakthrough, as previous experiments have indicated only minimal or no improvement in lung function with animal-derived and first generation synthetic surfactant preparations (Lamm & Albert, 1990; Brackenbury et al., 2001; Zimmermann et al., 2010; Lampland et al., 2014). The gene discussed is SFTPC; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.