Of the 49 human ABC transporters, 15 are implicated in conferring resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in various cancers, and the most intensively characterized members are multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1 or P-glycoprotein, ABCB1), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1, ABCC1), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ABCG2) [7]. The gene discussed is ABCB1; the disease is cancer.