An overexpression of leptin mRNA in mWAT was reported in IBD patients, indicating that leptin might participate in the inflammatory process by enhancing mesenteric TNF-α expression [75, 76] and leptin levels have been shown to be significantly higher in mesenteric adipose tissue from CD patients, than in patients with noninflammatory disease [58, 72]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and inflammatory bowel disease.