It is well recognized that the excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 by immune-competent cells can induce SIRS and that these cytokines can also play an important role in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome [11, 12]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is systemic inflammatory response syndrome.