BMP2 and cancer: Devine JG et al. reviewed the cancer risk of rhBMP-2 used in spine fusion as published and came to a conclusion that cancer risk with BMP-2 may be dose dependent and a higher dose cause a higher risk of cancer, even when collage scaffold are used to slow the release of BMP-2, while the risk of cancer reduced to the level of control groups in a dose of BMP-2 (4.2–4.8mg) [32].