Recent studies indicated that agonists of the peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, a lipid metabolite-mediated transcription factor, and agonists of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), are safe and effective treatment regimens in patients with diabetes mellitus, significantly mitigate the IAV-induced immunopathology with cytokine storm as immunomodulatory agents, and protect mice against lethal IAV infection [33], [34]. The gene discussed is PPARG; the disease is diabetes mellitus.