Previous research has positioned NF-κB as a central regulator of the intestinal epithelial cell innate immune response to infection with enteroinvasive bacteria by regulating the key components of the epithelial inflammatory gene program (i.e., IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, TNF-α, cyclooxygenase-2, nitric oxide synthase-2, and ICAM-1) activated by the enteroinvasive bacteria [26]. Here, NOS2 is linked to infection.