CCDC88A and cancer: Girdin is a component of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/Akt pathway, which is a pivotal signaling pathway for cancer progression and has an important role in cancer cell migration by controlling actin organization.19 As shown in Figure 3c, expression of Girdin protein was reduced after DZNep treatment in both AGS and HepG2 cells, and this was accompanied by upregulation of miR-4448 expression.