We have confirmed the finding of reduced proximal CAVT in preterm infants.7 Though the natural history and long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae of reduced CAVT are unknown, epidemiological data indicate that advancing gestation confers a significant reduction in risk of fatal adult cerebrovascular disease (occlusive stroke).32 Our observation that human milk may be protective despite low macronutrient density suggests that non-nutritive factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, may play an important role in cerebrovascular development. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is cerebrovascular disorder.