PTEN and cancer: PI3K/AKT signaling pathway regulates cell growth, proliferation and survival.33 Hyperactive PI3K/AKT has been identified in breast, ovarian and many other cancers.34, 35, 36 Deletion or mutation of the PTEN gene and under the oncogenic stress, which highly augments the PI3K/AKT activation, contribute to neoplastic transformation or metastatic potential in a wide spectrum of human cancers.37, 38, 39 MCT-1 prevents PTEN function through a decrease in PTEN protein stability and gene activation (Figure 1).