ACOX1 and fatty liver disease: Thus, we analyzed the pathways related to FA oxidation, finding a decreased expression of both ACOX-1 (a rate-limiting enzyme in peroxisomal fatty acids β-oxidation) and CPT1A (a key enzyme in mitochondrial fatty acids β-oxidation) [12] observed in CDAA+CCl4-treated animals at 1 months and in CDAA mice thereafter, indicates that reduced fatty acid oxidation could be one of the mechanisms of hepatic steatosis (Fig. 3E–F).