NPPB and atrial fibrillation: A second, age, gender, smoking, previous cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, MetS, CKD, AF, BNP, and H-FABP were entered into the stepwise multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis and it demonstrated that H-FABP was an independent predictor of future cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.18–2.06; P = 0.0016; Figure 3B).