H19 and cancer: Examples include H19, whose upregulation is detected in a variety of cancers (Fellig et al., 2005; Barsyte-Lovejoy et al., 2006; Hibi et al., 1996; Adriaenssens et al., 1998; Kondo et al., 1995); HOTAIR, whose overexpression is observed in breast, prostate, and other cancers and whose loss inhibits cancer invasiveness (Gupta et al., 2010); GAS5, an apoptosis regulator that is downregulated in breast cancers (Mourtada-Maarabouni et al., 2009); and ANRIL, whose expression is affected by SNPs that correlate with several neoplasias and other diseases (Cunnington et al., 2010).