However, poor glycemic control in many people with insulin-treated diabetes is in large part a result of the restrictions of subcutaneous insulin delivery; in particular, the need to inject insulin frequently leads to discomfort, inconvenience, an impaired lifestyle, and poor compliance.1 Many patients with type 2 diabetes who are poorly controlled on oral hypoglycemic agents also resist or delay a switch to insulin because of fear of injection. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.