CYP27B1 and infection: Hence injury or infection trigger via macrophage and keratinocyte TLR2/1 the synthesis of IL-15; IL-15 stimulates cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 (CYP27B1) activity that enables transformation of 25OH VitD3 into the active form of the hormone, VitD, which in turn boosts autophagic and antimicrobial responses as well as pathogen detection [100,101].