In our study, treatment of J774A.1 cells with LieIF/IFN-γ prior to L. donovani infection led to significant production of NO as compared to J774A.1 cells treated with IFN-γ alone, at both early (4 h) and late time points (72 h) after infection, suggesting this pre-infection treatment induced resistance to L. donovani infection in an NO-dependent manner. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is infection.