In lung cancer, SOX2 is highly upregulated and it promotes cell migration and proliferation, acting as a lineage survival oncogene and driving cells toward squamous differentiation and pluripotency [37]; and SOX2, together with protein kinase Cι (PKCι), drive tumorigenesis by establishing a cell-autonomous hedgehog signaling axis [38]. The gene discussed is SOX2; the disease is lung carcinoma.