When the pretreatment mRNA levels of the combined DD patients were compared to levels shown by controls, significant differences were obtained for 4 genes: the adrenergic receptor ADR2A (F = 23.55, P = 0.0013, and Cohen's f = 0.437), the acid sensing ion channel ASIC3 (F = 10.39, P = 0.003, and Cohen's f = 0.511), the GABA receptor modulator DBI (F = 15.29, P < 0.0004, and Cohen's f = 0.613), and the cytokine IL10 (F(1,36) = 5.77, P = 0.022, and Cohen's f = 0.354). Here, ASIC3 is linked to dentin dysplasia.