To further determine the potential role of S100A8 in leukemia in response to chemotherapy, we quantified S100A8 of leukemia cells following treatment with vincristine (VCR, 1 μg/ml), adriamycin (ADR, 1 μg/ml), and arsenic trioxide (As2O3, 5 μM), which are widely used for the treatment of hematological malignancies. This evidence concerns the gene S100A8 and leukemia.