A number of anticancer therapies, including DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic drugs, induce the accumulation of autophagosomes in tumor cell lines, while pharmacologic inhibition of autophagy or genetic knockdown of phylogenetically conserved autophagy-related genes, such as Atg5 and Atg7, enhanced drug-induced cytotoxicities [33]. The gene discussed is ATG7; the disease is neoplasm.