CTLA4 and neoplasm: Antibodies against CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) or PD1 (nivolumab) have been shown to induce quick and intense tumor regression in melanoma and NSCLC patients and are currently under clinical investigation in other solid tumors, including CRC [132, 133] (NCT01975831, http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01975831).